![]() ![]() According to a June 2022 study, COVID-19 vaccines prevented an additional 14.4 million to 19.8 million deaths in 185 countries and territories from 8 December 2020 to 8 December 2021. The COVID-19 vaccines have been approved and widely distributed in various countries since December 2020. Mutations have produced many strains (variants) with varying degrees of infectivity and virulence. Infected individuals are typically contagious for 10 days and can spread the virus even if they do not develop symptoms. Transmission can also occur if contaminated fluids reach the eyes, nose, or mouth, or, more rarely, through contaminated surfaces. ![]() The risk of breathing these in is highest when people are in close proximity, but they can be inhaled over longer distances, particularly indoors. COVID-19 transmits when people breathe in air contaminated by droplets and small airborne particles containing the virus. Severe illness is more likely in elderly patients and those with certain underlying medical conditions. As of 4 June 2023, the pandemic had caused 767,364,119 cases and 6,938,340 confirmed deaths, making it one of the deadliest in history.ĬOVID-19 symptoms range from undetectable to deadly, but most commonly include fever, dry cough, and fatigue. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) on 30 January 2020, and began referring to it as a pandemic on 11 March 2020. ![]() Attempts to contain it there failed, allowing the virus to spread to other areas of Asia and later worldwide. The novel virus was first identified in an outbreak in the Chinese city of Wuhan in December 2019. It is critical that we learn from such pandemic and advance our societies to become stronger.The COVID-19 pandemic, also known as the coronavirus pandemic, is a global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Third, the pandemic is a clear reprimand to discard the mantra that privatization of healthcare delivery system is the solution in favor of viewing health as a public good that needs to be managed and executed by the state and its public sector, be it national, sub-regional or local. Second, the COVID-19 pandemic has cautioned us on the need to (re)invest in basic, many may consider naïve and simple, public health functions such as sanitation as well as transparent national and global health monitoring. First, there is need to shelf-away the hitherto practiced doctrine that global crises and problems are confronted through local responses. We argue that three realities need to be genuinely addressed for building a post COVID-19 order that has to be amply equipped to deal with the next global crisis, as well as the ones on-going for decades. The global economic fallout is also unprecedented as the flows of goods and people got severely disrupted while lockdowns hit the transport, services and retail industries, among others. The pandemic has also inflicted serious damages on global and regional governing political structures to a degree meriting a revisit of their own raison d'etre. COVID-19 has infected hundreds of millions of people across the globe.
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